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DevOps Bootcamp - Cloud and IaaS Basics

Source: My personal notes from DevOps course by TechWorld with Nana

Introduction to Cloud & Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)

Section titled “Introduction to Cloud & Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS)”

  • Later in course, we’ll set up Nexus Artifact Repository, Jenkins Build Automation, and Deploy apps on server

  • Use case for IaaS: an application needs to run somewhere and use Jenkins on a server, can buy servers (on premise) or delegate infrastructure and its management to a business (IaaS)

  • IaaS service provider examples: AWS, Google Cloud, DigitalOcean, Microsoft Azure

Set Server on DigitalOcean

Section titled “Set Server on DigitalOcean”
  • Example: Use DigitalOcean for a server due to reduce complexity / power compared to AWS
    • Need DigitalOcean account, create Droplet
    • Create Ubuntu Server
  • Steps will be similar for other IaaS providers

Steps

Section titled “Steps”
  • Choose location close to you
  • Choose
    • OS type: Ubuntu Linux
    • Sizing
    • Authentication: SSH, password
      • Users
      • Create/reuse a public SSH key
        • Example: reuse existing public key cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
    • Most defaults should work ok
  • When server is up, connect using SSH port 22 using server IP/DNS
    • e.g. =ssh username@1.1.1.1
      • Using SSH key, login will be automatic without password
      • DigitalOcean login: by default, can use root for first time
  • Server security: configure a server firewall to only allow access on specific ports
    • DigitalOcean: Droplet > Firewall, Create
      • Inbound rule: Set type SSH, TCP, 22, All sources or range
      • Outbound: default allow all
      • Apply to Droplet(s)

  1. Server Work after SSH

    Terminal window
    # As root
    apt update
    ## JRE 8 for Nexus later
    apt install openjdk-8-jre-headless

Deploy and Run Application Artifact on Server

Section titled “Deploy and Run Application Artifact on Server”

Using https://gitlab.com/twn-devops-bootcamp/latest/05-cloud/java-react-example, build a JAR file and run it

Terminal window
# On local machine
git clone https://gitlab.com/twn-devops-bootcamp/latest/05-cloud/java-react-example
cd java-react-example
gradle build


# Copy to remote server using secure copy
## Set user name and directory as needed
scp build/libs/java-react-example.jar username@1.1.1.1:/username


# On remote server
# See file in username's home
java -jar java-react-example.jar
## or run in background
java -jar java-react-example.jar &
# Observe application start and look for port


# Check app running
ps aux | grep java


# Check ports with active connections
## Install netstat if needed
netstat -lpnt
  • Using port, add to firewall a new inbound rule, for example: Custom type, TCP, 7071, All sources
  • Visit application at <server ip>:port

Create and configure a Linux user on a cloud server

Section titled “Create and configure a Linux user on a cloud server”

Best practice is:

  • Create a user for running an application and only give privileges it needs to run the application
  • Create individual user accounts for people using the server
Terminal window
# Create users, set password, name
adduser user1


# Add user to sudo group
usermod -aG sudo user1


# Log in as a the user from other accounts
su user1
# Notice root uses # in prompt, users use $


# Configure SSH key for user1
## Get local using cat ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub
mkdir .ssh
sudo vim .ssh/authorized_keys
# Paste the public key into the authorized_keys file and save
## From local, you can now ssh using the ssh user1@1.1.1.1